In this Timeline I will give you brief information on different synthesisers that were being used between now and 50 years back.
1960
In the 1960s Moog co. where making analog synthesis which were huge consoles where you had to manually connect the different signal pathways to get the sounds you want , unlike now where it's more user friendly.
How ever in those years it want really convenient to perform with these synthesisers (in the late 1960s more synthesisers got smaller and smaller ) they weren't really built for the road and patching up a synthesiser midway through a performance was a bit daunting.
Early analog synthesiser (moog synthesiser)
First Commerical Moog syntheisor
VCS 3 made in 1969 by David Cockerell, was nicknamed (the putney) after the London suburb where he was living at the time. Rather than use patch leads to route the synth you used a pin matrix system which turned on or routed the effect you wanted by putting a pin through the corresponding hole.
1970
In 1970 Moog released the mini Moog which was as its name said a mini versions of the Moog synthesisers, however even thou it was smaller and had less parts than its predecessor it could generate really heavy and great lead and bass sounds which made it an instrument in its own right.
Moog really did set the standard for synthesis because at the time synthesisers werent built for live performances and had unnecessary components that weren't right for the genre,Moog started manufacturing smaller and more practical synthesisers which could be used in live shows and taken on the road just like an instrument.
Mini - Moog synthesiser (1st mono synth with keyboard)
1971 ARP 2600 semi modular synthesiser
In 1973 the first digital synthesors was made
1975 was also when FM synthesis got licensed by Yamaha.
1980
In the 1980's drum machines became a lot more popular with the release of the TR-808, it was one of the first and most popular drum machines ever produced.
It gained widespread popularity when Marvin Gaye released 'Sexual Healing'
1989 software versions for synthesisors were being made rather than a standalone unit they made them more as a compter peripheral.
Roland TR-808
1990
General MIDI(GM) was introduced in 1991 to serve as a consistent way of describing a set, of over 200 tones this included percussion.
Yamaha VL1 first modelling synth, it didnt use samples to make different sounding instruments, it modelled the sound from start this means that transitions inbetween the notes and velocity on the notes were realistic and sounded how the real instrument would sound.
Yamaha VL1
2000
In the 2000s a man named Leon theremin created a simple synthesier that was controlled by moving your arms within an electro- magnetic field (much like the aproiatly named theremin instrument)
Alesis Air fx
2010
Now in 2012 synthesiors have become more compact but have retained there great sounds